There is nothing like an old fashioned letter to communicate with someone. We have had a postal service since the Civil War, and important letters and documents have been shared through the history of this country in this manner. For fun, I entered "letter" into the Google search engine. The 3rd. answer came up with the letter to President Clinton from the Project For A New American Century "
PNAC". A historical document indeed, which shows how this Neoconservative think tank used a letter to try to influence President Clinton in his dealings with Iraq.
THE PROJECT FOR THE NEW AMERICAN CENTURY
January 26, 1998
The Honorable William J. Clinton
President of the United States
Washington, DC
Dear Mr. President:
We are writing you because we are convinced that current American policy toward Iraq is not succeeding, and that we may soon face a threat in the Middle East more serious than any we have known since the end of the Cold War. In your upcoming State of the Union Address, you have an opportunity to chart a clear and determined course for meeting this threat. We urge you to seize that opportunity, and to enunciate a new strategy that would secure the interests of the U.S. and our friends and allies around the world. That strategy should aim, above all, at the removal of Saddam Hussein’s regime from power. We stand ready to offer our full support in this difficult but necessary endeavor.
The policy of “containment” of Saddam Hussein has been steadily eroding over the past several months. As recent events have demonstrated, we can no longer depend on our partners in the Gulf War coalition to continue to uphold the sanctions or to punish Saddam when he blocks or evades UN inspections. Our ability to ensure that Saddam Hussein is not producing weapons of mass destruction, therefore, has substantially diminished. Even if full inspections were eventually to resume, which now seems highly unlikely, experience has shown that it is difficult if not impossible to monitor Iraq’s chemical and biological weapons production. The lengthy period during which the inspectors will have been unable to enter many Iraqi facilities has made it even less likely that they will be able to uncover all of Saddam’s secrets. As a result, in the not-too-distant future we will be unable to determine with any reasonable level of confidence whether Iraq does or does not possess such weapons.
Such uncertainty will, by itself, have a seriously destabilizing effect on the entire Middle East. It hardly needs to be added that if Saddam does acquire the capability to deliver weapons of mass destruction, as he is almost certain to do if we continue along the present course, the safety of American troops in the region, of our friends and allies like Israel and the moderate Arab states, and a significant portion of the world’s supply of oil will all be put at hazard. As you have rightly declared, Mr. President, the security of the world in the first part of the 21st century will be determined largely by how we handle this threat.
Given the magnitude of the threat, the current policy, which depends for its success upon the steadfastness of our coalition partners and upon the cooperation of Saddam Hussein, is dangerously inadequate. The only acceptable strategy is one that eliminates the possibility that Iraq will be able to use or threaten to use weapons of mass destruction. In the near term, this means a willingness to undertake military action as diplomacy is clearly failing. In the long term, it means removing Saddam Hussein and his regime from power. That now needs to become the aim of American foreign policy.
We urge you to articulate this aim, and to turn your Administration's attention to implementing a strategy for removing Saddam's regime from power. This will require a full complement of diplomatic, political and military efforts. Although we are fully aware of the dangers and difficulties in implementing this policy, we believe the dangers of failing to do so are far greater. We believe the U.S. has the authority under existing UN resolutions to take the necessary steps, including military steps, to protect our vital interests in the Gulf. In any case, American policy cannot continue to be crippled by a misguided insistence on unanimity in the UN Security Council.
We urge you to act decisively. If you act now to end the threat of weapons of mass destruction against the U.S. or its allies, you will be acting in the most fundamental national security interests of the country. If we accept a course of weakness and drift, we put our interests and our future at risk.
Sincerely,
Elliott Abrams Richard L. Armitage William J. Bennett
Jeffrey Bergner John Bolton Paula Dobriansky
Francis Fukuyama Robert Kagan Zalmay Khalilzad
William Kristol Richard Perle Peter W. Rodman
Donald Rumsfeld William Schneider, Jr. Vin Weber
Paul Wolfowitz R. James Woolsey Robert B. Zoellick
These same people are, of course in important positions in our current Corporate Government, and are still using their influence to further the ambitions outlined on the PNAC web site. The echo's of their beliefs have been heard over and over in the media, and used by the members of the Bush administration, since his first day of office. I believe that one of the most ludicrous things we witnessed, was the appoointment of John Bolton. as our representative to the UN, by George W Bush. Of course, it is difficult to follow everything that has been done by this evil cabal, but the internet is still alive and well, so maybe the best thing to do is write a letter, or at least print out some letters from these historical times.
Robert Bruce Zoellick (born July 25, 1953) is the current United States Deputy Secretary of State. Before his present position, he served as United States Trade Representative from February 7, 2001 until February 22, 2005. He is expected to resign in mid-2006 to return to the private sector. [1]
Robert Zoellick also serves or has served as a board member on a number of private and public organizations: Alliance Capital, Said Holdings, and the Precursor Group; a member of the advisory boards of Enron and Viventures, a venture fund; as a Director of the Aspen Institute's Strategy Group, Council on Foreign Relations, the German Marshall Fund of the United States, and the World Wildlife Advisory Council; and a member of Secretary William Sebastian Cohen's Defense Policy Board.[2][3] He is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and the Trilateral Commission.
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Robert James Woolsey Jr. (born September 21, 1941) is a foreign policy specialist and former Director of Central Intelligence of the Central Intelligence Agency (February 5, 1993 - January 10, 1995).
Woolsey was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma in 1941 where he graduated from Tulsa Central High School. In 1963 he received his BA from Stanford University (Phi Beta Kappa), and in 1965 his MA from Oxford University—where he was a Rhodes Scholar—and an LLB from Yale Law School in 1968.
Woolsey has served in the U.S. government as:
Advisor (during military service) on the U.S. Delegation to the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT 1), Helsinki and Vienna, 1969-1970
General Counsel to the U.S. Senate Committee on Armed Services, 1970-73
Under Secretary of the Navy, 1977-1979
Delegate at Large to the U.S.-Soviet Strategic Arms Reduction Talks (START) and Nuclear and Space Arms Talks (NST), Geneva, 1983-1986
Ambassador to the Negotiation on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE), Vienna, 1989-1991
Director of Central Intelligence, 1993-1995
He is currently a trustee at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, Advisor of the Institute for the Analysis of Global Security, Founding Member of the Set America Free Coalition, and Vice President at Booz Allen Hamilton for Global Strategic Security. He was formerly chairman of the Freedom House board of trustees.
He is also a member of the Project for the New American Century (PNAC) and was one of the signatories to the January 26, 1998, PNAC letter sent to President Clinton that called for the removal of Saddam Hussein.
Woolsey is featured in the new documentary Who Killed the Electric Car? addressing solutions to oil dependency.
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Paul Dundes Wolfowitz (born December 22, 1943) is an American academic and political figure. He is currently the President of the World Bank, but may be most famous as a prominent architect of the ambitious foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration known as the Bush Doctrine, a role that has made him a controversial and polarizing figure both within the United States and abroad. His views are often characterized as exemplifying the modern American philosophy of neoconservatism, and he is often seen as a leading proponent of the 2003 Iraq War.
A former aide to Democratic Senator "Scoop" Jackson in the 1970s, Wolfowitz also served in the U.S. Defense Department, as Director of Policy Planning and Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs at the U.S. State Department, as U.S. Ambassador to Indonesia, and as Deputy Secretary of Defense in the Administration of George W. Bush.
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John Vincent Weber, a Congressman from Minnesota; born in Slayton, Murray County, Minnesota, July 24, 1952; attended the public schools; attended the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, 1970-1974; copublisher, Murray County newspaper; president, Weber Publishing Co.; press secretary to Representative Tom Hagedorn, 1974-1975; senior aide to Senator Rudy Boschwitz, 1977-1980; delegate, Minnesota State Republican conventions, 1972, 1978; elected as a Republican to the Ninety-seventh and to the five succeeding Congresses (January 3, 1981-January 3, 1993); was not a candidate for renomination in 1992 to the One Hundred Third Congress; is a resident of Walker, Minnesota.
He is a member of the Project for the New American Century (PNAC) and was one of the signers of the January 26, 1998, PNAC Letter sent to US President Bill Clinton.
Currently, Weber is managing partner of Clark & Weinstock's Washington, D.C. office, where he provides strategic advice to institutions with matters before the legislative and executive branches of the federal government.
Weber also serves as chairman of the National Endowment for Democracy, a private, nonprofit organization designed to strengthen democratic institutions around the world through nongovernmental efforts. He is a senior fellow at the Humphrey Institute at the University of Minnesota, where is co-director of the Policy Forum. Weber is a board member of several private sector and nonprofit organizations, including ITT Educational Services, Department 56, and the Aspen Institute. He also serves on the Board of The Council on Foreign Relations and co-chaired a major independent task force on U.S. Policy Toward Reform in the Arab World with former U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright. In addition, Weber is a member of the U.S. Secretary of Energy's Advisory Board.
Weber is one of the most prominent and successful strategists in the Republican Party and served as the Bush-Cheney '04 Plains States Regional Chairman. He maintains strong bipartisan relationships across the legislative and executive branches of government.
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William Schneider, Jr. is an American politician who currently chairs the Defense Science Board.
Schneider served as Under-Secretary of State in the Reagan administration, and later became a member of the Project for the New American Century (PNAC). He was one of the signers of the January 26, 1998, PNAC Letter sent to President Bill Clinton that encouraged an attack against Iraq.
In January of 2001, as George W. Bush prepared to take office, Schneider served on a panel for nuclear weapons issues sponsored by the National Institute for Public Policy, a conservative think tank. Other members of the panel included Stephen Hadley, Stephen Cambone, and Robert Joseph, who later were appointed to senior positions in the Bush Administration. This panel advocated using tactical nuclear weapons as a standard part of the United States defense arsenal.
Schneider was selected by Donald Rumsfeld to chair the Defense Science Board. In this position, Schneider continues to advocate using nuclear weapons in certain limited first-strike situations.
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Donald Henry Rumsfeld (born July 9, 1932) is currently serving as the 21st United States Secretary of Defense, since January 20, 2001, under President George W. Bush. He is the oldest person to have held that position, and was also the youngest when he served as the 13th Secretary of Defense from 1975 to 1977 under President Gerald Ford. Rumsfeld also served in various positions under President Richard Nixon, as well as four terms in the United States House of Representatives, and as U.S. ambassador to the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) (1973-1974).
He served in the U.S. Navy from 1954 to 1957 as an aviator and flight instructor, training in North American SNJ basic trainers and later flying Grumman F6F. fighters. In 1957, he transferred to the Ready Reserve and continued his Naval service in flying and administrative assignments as a drilling reservist until 1975. He transferred to the Standby Reserve when he became Secretary of Defense in 1975 and to the Retired Reserve with the rank of Navy Captain in 1989.
He has also served as an official in numerous federal commissions and councils.
Rumsfeld married the former Joyce Pierson in 1954. They have three children and six grandchildren
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Peter W. Rodman (born November 24, 1943 in Boston). Educated in at Harvard College (A.B. summa cum laude), Oxford University (B.A., M.A.), and Harvard Law School (J.D.). Is currently United States Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs. He is also the author of More Precious Than Peace, a book on the Cold War in the Third World in which he praises the Reagen administration for warding off communism in places like Afghanistan, Angola and Cambodia. He is one of the signers of the January 26, 1998, Project for the New American Century letter sent to the U.S. President Bill Clinton. He has worked extensively with Henry Kissinger, former Secretary of State, amongst other things helping him write his memoirs. He is a member of the Board of Trustees of Freedom House, Vice President and member of the Board of Directors of the World Affairs Council of Washington, DC
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Richard Norman Perle (born September 16, 1941 in New York City), is an advisor on national security issues who served the Reagan administration as an assistant Secretary of Defense and served on the Defense Policy Board Advisory Committee from 1987 to 2004. He was Chairman of the Board from 2001 to 2003 under the Bush Administration.
He is a member of the Project for the New American Century (PNAC) and was one of the signers of the January 26, 1998 PNAC Letter sent to US President Bill Clinton.
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William "Bill" Kristol (born December 23, 1952 in New York City) is an American neoconservative commentator. He is cast as a neoconservative for his passionate advocacy for Israel and strong advocacy for projecting American power and for a strong American presence in the Middle East. Starting with the 1991 Gulf War, he continuously called for the ousting of Saddam Hussein.
Kristol is Jewish and the son of Irving Kristol, considered to be one of the founders of the neoconservative movement and Gertrude Himmelfarb, a Victorian scholar. Kristol graduated in 1970 from The Collegiate School, a preparatory school for boys located in Manhattan. In 1973, he received a B.A. from Harvard University, graduating magna cum laude in three years; in 1979, he received a Ph.D. in political science, also from Harvard. During his first year of graduate school, Kristol was Alan Keyes' roommate; this is significant, because many years later, in 1988, Kristol would run Keyes' unsuccessful U.S. Senate campaign against Paul Sarbanes in Maryland. After teaching political philosophy and American politics at the University of Pennsylvania and Harvard's Kennedy School of Government, Kristol went to work in government in 1985, serving as chief of staff to Education Secretary William J. Bennett during the Reagan Administration, and then as chief of staff to Vice President Dan Quayle under the first President Bush.
Kristol first made his mark as leader of the Project for the Republican Future, a conservative think tank and rose to fame as a conservative opinionmaker during the battle over the Clinton health care plan. In his first of what would become legendary strategy memos circulated among Republican policymakers, Kristol said the party should "kill", not amend or compromise on, the Clinton health care plan. In doing so, Kristol presented the first public document uniting Republicans behind total opposition to the reform plan. A later memo advocated the phrase There is no health care crisis, which Senate Minority Leader Bob Dole used in his response to Clinton's 1994 State of the Union address.
After the Republican sweep of both houses of Congress in 1994, arguably a result of the debacle over health care reform, Kristol established along with neoconservative John Podhoretz and with financing from Rupert Murdoch, the conservative periodical The Weekly Standard. In 1997, he founded, with Robert Kagan, the Project for the New American Century (PNAC), a movement credited in part for some of the foreign policy decisions of the Bush administration as evidenced by their 1998 letter to US President Bill Clinton advocating military action in Iraq to "protect our vital interests in the Gulf". He is also a member of the long-time conservative think tank the American Enterprise Institute from which the Bush administration has borrowed over two dozen members to fill various government offices and panels. Kristol is currently chairman of PNAC and editor of The Weekly Standard.
In 2005, Kristol caused controversy by praising President George W. Bush's second inaugural address without disclosing his role as a consultant to the writing of the speech. Kristol praised the speech highly in his role as a regular political contributor during FOX's coverage of the address, as well as in a Weekly Standard article, without disclosing his involvement in the speech either time.
However, Kristol has not always fallen in line behind the Bush administration. In 2004, he wrote an op-ed, strongly criticizing Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld [1]. He was also one of many conservatives to oppose Bush's second Supreme Court nominee, Harriet Miers. He said of Miers: "I'm disappointed, depressed, and demoralized. [...] It is very hard to avoid the conclusion that President Bush flinched from a fight on constitutional philosophy. Miers is undoubtedly a decent and competent person. But her selection will unavoidably be judged as reflecting a combination of cronyism and capitulation on the part of the president".
He is currently a visiting professor at Harvard University, where he is teaching a course in the school's Government Department entitled, "Intellectual Foundations of American Foreign Policy". In addition to his role as a political contributor on FOX News, Kristol is also a semi-regular guest on World News Tonight on Sky News (effectively FOX News' British sister channel), appearing live from the US.
He is married to Susan Scheinberg, with whom he has three children. He lives in McLean, Virginia.
His daughter, Anne, is an undergraduate student at Washington University in Saint Louis. His son, Joe, is an undergraduate student at Harvard University and a contracted Marine Corps ROTC
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Dr. Zalmay M. Khalilzad (born 1951) is the highest-ranking native Afghan and Muslim in the Bush administration. In May of 2001 he was named Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for the Persian Gulf, Southwest Asia and Other Regional Issues at the National Security Council, reporting to the then National Security Advisor Condoleezza Rice. On September 24, 2003, President Bush named Khalilzad the United States Ambassador to Afghanistan and he took his post in Kabul on November 27. Currently, Khalilzad is U.S. ambassador to Iraq; he was sworn in on June 21, 2005. After the Al Askari shrine bombing in February 2006 he warned that sectarian violence spread might lead to a civil war in post-invasion Iraq and possibly even the neighbouring countries. [1]
He is a member of the Project for the New American Century (PNAC) and was one of the signers of the January 26, 1998, PNAC Letter sent to U.S. President Bill Clinton. Khalilzad is also a former board member of Friends of Afghanistan, which received extensive U.S. funding.
An ethnic Pashtun, he was born in the northern city of Mazar-i-Sharif. He began his education at the private Ghazi Lycée school in Kabul. He emigrated to the United States as a high school exchange student. Khalilzad received his doctorate at the University of Chicago, where he studied closely with strategic thinker Albert Wohlstetter, who is a prominent nuclear deterrence thinker and an opponent to the disarmament treaties. In the early 1980s, he taught at the School of International and Public Affairs at Columbia University. At Columbia University he also worked closely with Zbigniew Brzezinski, the Carter administration's architect of the policy supporting the Afghan mujahideen resistance to the Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan. In 1984 Khalilzad accepted a one-year Council on Foreign Relations fellowship to join the State Department, where he worked for Paul Wolfowitz, then the director of Policy Planning. In 1988 he was the State Department's Special Advisor on Afghanistan to Undersecretary of State Michael H. Armacost. During this period he developed and guided the international program to promote the merits of a Mujahideen-led, Wahhabi-based Afghanistan to oust the Soviet occupation.
Khalilzad served under former U.S. Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush as special assistant to the president for Southwest Asia, the Near East and North Africa. From 1985 to 1989, Khalilzad served as a senior United States Department of State official advising on the Soviet war in Afghanistan and the Iran-Iraq war, and from 1991 to 1992, he was a senior Defense Department official for policy planning. He served as a counsellor to Donald Rumsfeld. Khalilzad initially viewed the Taliban as a potential force for stability and as counter balance to Iran, but his views changed over time, especially after the events of September 11. Dr. Khalilzad headed the Bush-Cheney Transition team for the Department of Defense and has been a Counselor to Secretary of Defense Rumsfeld.
In May 2001, National Security Advisor Dr. Condoleezza Rice announced the appointment of Dr. Zalmay Khalilzad as Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for Gulf, Southwest Asia and Other Regional Issues, National Security Council.
Khalilzad was an advisor for the Unocal Corporation. In the mid-1990s, while working for the Cambridge Energy Research Associates, Khalilzad conducted risk analyses for Unocal for a proposed 1,400 km (890 mile), $2-billion, 622 m³/s (22,000 ft³/s) natural gas pipeline project which would have extended from Turkmenistan through Afghanistan to Pakistan. For this project, he met a delegation of Taleban in the United States. Between 1993 and 1999, Dr. Khalilzad was Director of the Strategy, Doctrine and Force Structure program for the RAND Corporation's Project Air Force. RAND is a think-tank primarily focused on "national security" issues, created just after World War II in connection with high ranking officers from the armed forces and now closely linked to the neoconservatives (Donald Rumsfeld was chairman 1981-1986). While with RAND, he founded the Center for Middle Eastern Studies. Khalilzad co-authored the RAND study, "The United States and a Rising China", where one can find this sentence : "of course, US armed forces must be prepared to defeat China militarily". From 1979 to 1989, Dr. Khalilzad was an Assistant Professor of Political Science at Columbia University.
Khalilzad holds a Ph.D. from the University of Chicago (1979). His wife, Cheryl Benard, is a political analyst with the RAND Corporation. They have two children, Alexander and Maximilian
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Robert Kagan (born 1958) is an American neoconservative scholar and political commentator. He is a co-founder of the Project for the New American Century (PNAC) and was one of the signers of the January 26, 1998, PNAC Letter sent to US President Bill Clinton. He is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations. Robert's brother Frederick and father Donald are also prominent American neoconservatives, and also affiliated with the PNAC.
Kagan worked at the State Department Bureau of Inter-American Affairs (1985-1988) and was the principal speechwriter for Secretary of State George P. Shultz (1984-1985). Prior to that, he was foreign policy advisor to New York Representative and future Republican vice presidential candidate Jack Kemp (1983). Kagan is a Senior Associate with the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
Kagan, who has written for The New Republic, Policy Review, the Washington Post, and the Weekly Standard, now lives in Brussels, Belgium, with his family. He is married to Victoria Nuland and has two children, Elena and David.
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Francis Fukuyama (born October 27, 1952 in Chicago) is an influential American philosopher, political economist and author. He received his B.A. from Cornell University in classics, his Ph.D. from Harvard in Political Science, and is currently Bernard L. Schwartz Professor of International Political Economy and Director of the International Development Program at the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies at the Johns Hopkins University.
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Dr. Paula J. Dobriansky (born September 14, 1955) is a neo-conservative politician, pundit, and author, and graduate of the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University and of Harvard University. She currently is the Under Secretary of State for Global Affairs, a position in which she was appointed 1 May 2001 by US President George W. Bush. She is a member of the Project for the New American Century (PNAC) and was one of the signers of the January 26, 1998, PNAC Letter sent to US President Bill Clinton. She is also member of and the Trilateral Commission. She was born in Alexandria, Virginia.
Dobriansky has served as Senior Vice President and Director of the Washington Office of the Council on Foreign Relations, including operations relating to all groups and meetings. She has been designated the Special Coordinator for Tibet.
According to her official Department of State biography, she was "unanimously confirmed" by the Senate. Dobriansky's responsibilities include "a broad range of foreign policy issues, including democracy, human rights, labor, counter-narcotics and law enforcement, refugee and humanitarian relief matters and environmental/scientific issues. (1)
Dobriansky served as Senior International Affairs and Trade Advisor at the law firm of Hunton & Williams and as Co-Chair of the International TV Council at the Corporation for Public Broadcasting.
Paula J. Dobriansky at FPC briefingDobriansky has held other government positions including the Associate Director for Policy and Programs at the United States Information Agency (1990-1993), Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs (1987-1990); Deputy Head of the U.S. Delegation to the 1990 Copenhagen Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe CSCE; Advisor to the U.S. Delegation to the 1985 UN Decade for Women Conference in Nairobi, Kenya; and Director of European and Soviet Affairs at the NSC (1983-1984). She also was a coordinator of Bob Dole's 1996 presidential campaign.
Dobriansky has served on the Western NIS Enterprise Fund, National Endowment for Democracy, Freedom House, American Council of Young Political Leaders, the American Bar Association Central, East European Law Initiative, and the U.S. Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy.
She previously hosted Freedom's Challenge, and co-hosted Worldwise, and has appeared on ABC, CBS, CNN Headline News, CNN, Fox Morning News, John McLaughlin's One-on-One, The McLaughlin Group, C-SPAN, MSNBC, PBS, National Public Radio, and has testified before the Senate Foreign Relations and House International Relations Committees. She is also on the advisory board of the Independent Women’s Forum.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paula_Dobriansky"
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John Robert Bolton (born November 20, 1948) is an American diplomat, serving currently as U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations.
Bolton was nominated by President George W. Bush to his current position on March 7, 2005. His nomination was the subject of a prolonged filibuster in the United States Senate by Democrats and George Voinovich of Ohio, a moderate Republican. However, Voinovich has since recanted his opposition.
On August 1, 2005, President Bush installed Bolton as Ambassador to the UN via recess appointment. The recess appointment will last until a new Congress convenes in January 2007, or until Bolton is renominated and confirmed, whichever comes first. He previously served as Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security.
For various reasons Bolton has been the subject of enormous media controversy. Some of such controversy has involved salacious detail which has arguably tended to obscure substantive issues, while other aspects of the controversy has raised deep issues not only relating to Bolton's judgment but also regarding the extent to which he enjoys the patronage of the Bush White House.
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Jeffrey Bergner, Ph.D. is one of the signers of the January 26, 1998, Project for the New American Century (PNAC Letter) sent to US President Bill Clinton.
Bergner is President and Managing Financial Partner of Bergner Bockorny, Inc. He is an Adjunct Professor, National Security Studies Program at Georgetown University.
Bergner Bockorny, Inc. was a registered foreign agent in March 1998 with the Taipei Economic & Cultural Representative Office (TECRO) (formerly: China External Trade Development Council (CCNAA)). "The registrant monitored legislation relating to Taiwan in the House and Senate. The registrant also monitored trade and political issues of interest to Taiwan. $32,500.00 for the six month period ending March 20, 1998." The firm was again registered with the Taiwan government for its activities with the Taipei Economic & Cultural Representative Office (TECRO) (formerly: China External Trade Development Council (CCNAA)). The firm (i.e. registrant) "monitored legislation relating to Taiwan in the House and Senate. Other activities included general monitoring of trade and political issues of interest to Taiwan and received $45,500.00 for the six month period ending September 20, 1997." [1] Also in 1997, the firm was acting as a registered foreign agent for the Friendship in Freedom: A German Initiative for European-American Relations. However, no financial activity was reported.[See article on International Trade below.][2]
Bergner was Policy Director, Lugar for President Campaign; Staff Director, Senate Committee on Foreign Relations; Chief of Staff/Legislative Director, Senator Richard Lugar; Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Pennsylvania; and Visiting Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Michigan.
Bergner has affiliations with The Asia Foundation; The Calvert Institute; The Hudson Institute; and, of course, the Project for the New American Century.
Bergner received his B.A. from Carleton College (1969), M.A. at Princeton University (1971), and Ph.D. from Princeton (1973).
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey_Bergner"
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William John Bennett (born July 31, 1943) served as United States Secretary of Education from 1985 to 1988. He also held the post of Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy (or "Drug Czar") under George H. W. Bush.
Bennett was born in Brooklyn but later moved to Washington, DC, where he attended Gonzaga College High School. He graduated from Williams College and went on to get a PhD from the University of Texas at Austin in Political Philosophy. He also has a law degree from Harvard Law School.
From 1976 to 1981, he was the executive director of the National Humanities Center, a private research facility in North Carolina. In 1981, President Ronald Reagan appointed him to head the National Endowment for the Humanities, where he served until Reagan appointed him Secretary of Education in 1985. Bennett resigned from this post in 1988 and, later that year, was appointed to the post of Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy by President Bush. He was confirmed by the Senate in a 97-2 vote.
He was co-director of Empower America and was a Distinguished Fellow in Cultural Policy Studies at the Heritage Foundation. Long active in United States Republican Party politics, he is now an author, speaker, and, since April 5, 2004, the host of the weekday radio program Morning in America on the Dallas, Texas-based Salem Communications. In addition to his radio show, he is the Washington Fellow of the Claremont Institute.
Bennett and his wife, Elayne, have two sons, John and Joseph. His wife Elayne is the President and Founder of Best Friends Foundation,a nationwide abstinence-based program for adolescents. He is the brother of prominent Washington attorney Robert S. Bennett.
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Richard Lee Armitage (born April 26, 1945) was, from 2001 to 2005, the 13th United States Deputy Secretary of State, the second-in-command at the State Department. Previously, he was a high-ranking troubleshooter and negotiator in the Departments of State and Defense.
Contents [hide]
1 Early life and military career
2 Public service career
3 Life after public service
4 Valerie Plame investigation
5 External links
6 References
[edit]
Early life and military career
Armitage graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1967. Upon graduation, he joined the United States Navy, initially holding the rank of ensign. He served on a destroyer stationed in Vietnam during the Vietnam War and volunteered to serve as an advisor to the Vietnamese riverine ("brown water") naval forces. In 1973, Armitage left active duty and joined the office of the U.S. Defense Attache in Saigon. (It has been frequently, and inaccurately, reported that Armitage was a member of the elite Navy SEALs, a mischaracterization that Armitage now corrects in interviews.)
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Elliott Abrams (born January 24, 1948) is an American lawyer who has served in foreign policy positions for a number of U.S. Presidents, most recently George W. Bush. During Bush's first term in office, he was appointed the post of Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director on the National Security Council for Near East and North African Affairs. At the start of the president's second term (February, 2005), Abrams was promoted to be his deputy national security adviser, responsible for advancing Bush's strategy of advancing democracy abroad. A leading neoconservative, Abrams' appointment by the White House on December 2, 2002 was considered highly controversial due to his involvement in the Iran-Contra Affair, over which he subsequently pleaded guilty to two misdemeanor counts of unlawfully withholding information from Congress
